大气苯酚对蚕桑污染毒性

本文以桑树和家蚕为试验生物，采用静态模拟熏气和自然污染调查相结合的方法，对大气苯酚污染蚕桑引起家蚕生长发育障碍进行了观察、分析，认为大气苯酚以间歇性较高浓度侵入蚕室时，会直接致蚕中毒；大气中苯酚以持续较低浓度作用时桑叶内会累积苯酚，间接对象蚕有毒害。家蚕受害后，轻则表现力食欲不振，群体发育不齐，体色灰暗、体重减轻、主要经济性状下降，重则死亡。，Ｆ＿（０．０１）＝２．８０说明因熏气处理次数引起盛食蚕体重变化的差异极显著，也即较高浓度的苯酚气会直接危害家蚕生长、发育。综上所述，在有关工厂附近大气内苯酚浓度虽然不是很高，也没有被正式列入监测范围，因此也没有监测指标。但此浓度下桑叶内会累积苯酚，家蚕食叶则会间接遭受其危害；如急性排放的苯酚气侵入蚕室，则会对家蚕直接致害，造成经济性状下降，甚至死亡。苯酚是有机毒物，食品上禁用早有规定，如何防止大气苯酚在生态系统中积累、迁移，保障陆地生物包括人类免受其毒害，是值得引起重视的环境问题。

Study on the toxcity of atmospheric phenol polluted mulberryIeaf to silkworm Bombyx moir.

ln the paper ,the effects of atmospheric phenolpolluted mulberry leaf on the growth and development of silk-worm Bombyx moir larvae were studied through simulatedstatic fumigation and natural investigation for polluted mul-berry leaf. The resuIts show that high level atmospheric phe-nol is toxic directly to silkworm Bombyx moir larvae when it isdiffused intermittently into a silkworm rearing room;low levelatmospheric phenol is toxic indirectly to the larvae throughlong term accumulation of phemol in the mulberry leaf. Whilebeing suffered fot the above,the lightly poisoned larvae willshow the sign of poor appetite,disorderly growth and develop-ment of larvae population,grey skin,and decrease in its bodyweight and reduction in mainly economic characteristics, andseriously poisoned larvae will die.