Atmospheric mercury species in the European Arctic: Measurements and modelling |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;2. Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada;3. Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada;4. Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;5. School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;6. Dehcho Aboriginal Aquatic Resources & Oceans Management, Hay River, NT, Canada;7. Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;1. Centre for Earth Observation Science, and Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;2. Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada;3. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Road, Guiyang 550002, China;4. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, 13288 Marseille, France;5. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA |
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| Abstract: | Concentrations of different species of mercury in arctic air and precipitation have been measured at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) and Pallas (Finland) during 1996–1997. Typical concentrations for vapour phase mercury measured at the two stations were in the range of 0.7–2 ng m−3 whereas particulate mercury concentrations were below 5 pg m−3. Total mercury in precipitation was in the range 3–30 ng l−1. In order to evaluate the transport and deposition of mercury to the arctic from European anthropogenic sources, the Eulerian transport model HMET has been modified and extended to also include mercury species. A scheme for chemical conversion of elemental mercury to other species of mercury and deposition characteristics of different mercury species have been included in the model. European emission inventories for three different forms of Hg (Hg0, HgCl2 and Hgp) have been implemented in the numerical grid system for the HMET model. |
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