间歇曝气生物滤池生物除磷性能研究

通过间歇曝气、连续进水的运行方式使生物膜系统交替处于厌氧/好氧状态,据此研究了不同进水挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acids,VFAs)质量浓度、运行周期以及反冲洗条件下生物滤池的生物除磷性能.实验中以模拟生活污水为处理对象,滤池水力停留时间为1.3 h,进水流速为5 L.h-1,气水比为8∶1,进水平均COD负荷、氨氮负荷和磷酸盐负荷分别为4.7、0.41和0.095 g.(L.d)-1.结果表明,在一个运行周期内生物滤池能有效实现释磷和吸磷;当进水VFAs质量浓度(以COD计)为100 mg.L-1、运行周期为6 h时,生物滤池除磷性能最佳,曝气阶段滤池出水磷去除负荷可达0.059 g.(L.d)-1,同时COD和氨氮的去除负荷分别为3.8 g.(L.d)-1和0.28 g.(L.d)-1,出水平均磷、COD和氨氮质量浓度为1.8、43.6、8.7mg.L-1,滤池中存在一定程度的氮流失;中止反冲洗使生物滤池除磷性能迅速下降,2 d后滤池除磷效率低于40%,随即恢复反冲洗使滤池除磷效果出现短暂增强,再经2 d反冲洗后除磷效率又回到原有水平.可见,在间歇曝气、连续进水的运行方式下生物滤池成功实现了生物除磷并具有较好的磷负荷去除效果,充足而稳定的进水VFAs质量浓度、适当的运行周期以及较高频率的反冲洗有利于滤池的生物除磷性能.

Biological Phosphorus Removal in Intermittent Aerated Biological Filter

Under intermittent aerated and continuous fed operation where the biofilm system was subjected to alternated anaerobic/aerobic condition, the effect of influent volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations, operation cycle and backwash on the biological phosphorus removal performance of the biofilter was studied. In the experiment, synthetic domestic wastewater was used, and the influent velocity was 5 L x h(-1) with gas versus liquid ratio of 8:1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.3 h, resulting in average COD, ammonium and phosphorus load of 4.7, 0.41 and 0.095 g x (L x d) (-1) respectively. Results show that, (1) effective release and uptake of phosphorus was achieved in a operation cycle; (2) when influent VFAs was 100 mg x L(-1) (calculated by COD value) and operation cycle was 6 h the filter performed best in phosphorus removal, the phosphorus loading removal rate can be as much as 0.059 g x (L x d)(-1) at the aerated phase with those of COD and ammonium being 3.8 g x (L x d)(-1) and 0.28 g x (L x d)(-1) respectively, and with average effluent phosphorus, COD and ammonium concentrations being 1.8, 43.6 and 8.7 mg x L(-1), which shows nitrogen loss also happened; (3) the pause of backwash decreased the phosphorus removal performance rapidly with the removal efficiency lower than 40% in two days, but the consequent daily backwash operation gave a short improvement on the phosphorus removal, which disappeared in another two days. Thus, it is shown that biological phosphorus removal achieved with better phosphorus loading removal performance in the biofilter under intermittent aerated and continuous fed operation, and that sufficient and stable influent VFAs concentration, proper operation cycle, and more frequent backwash favored the performance.