海藻-过渡金属-光三元体系还原转化Se(Ⅵ)研究

以海洋绿藻(Tetraselmis levis,Chlorella autotrophica,Dunaliella salina,Nannochloropsis sp.,Tetraselmis subcordiformis)、硅藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)、红藻(Porphyridium purpureum)和过渡金属(铁、锰、铜)构建海藻-光二元体系、过渡金属-光二元体系、海藻-过渡金属-光三元体系,对比分析不同海藻、不同过渡金属、海藻与过渡金属耦合引发光化学过程,对Se(Ⅵ)还原转化的贡献率.二元和三元体系均可光还原转化Se(Ⅵ)为Se(Ⅳ).铁、铜、锰通过自身的光氧化还原过程诱发Se(Ⅵ)/Se(Ⅳ)的氧化还原;海藻的光化学活性首次被证实,表面壁可吸附富集海水中还原性的有机物、Se(Ⅵ)/Se(Ⅳ)和过渡金属,改变其氧化还原电位,提供光反应场所;Se(Ⅵ)的光还原转化率依海藻和过渡金属的种类、浓度不同而异;海藻浓度的提高、海藻与过渡金属的耦合作用有利于光还原转化率的提高.通过三元体系的光还原转化,Se(Ⅵ)/Se(Ⅳ)比值为1.17～2.85,接近海洋真光层Se(Ⅵ)/Se(Ⅳ)实际浓度比,即海藻和过渡金属引发的光化学过程对硒的价态分布起决定性作用.

Photoreduction of Se (VI) by marine algae-transitional metals-light system

Seven marine phytoplankton, including five green algae (Tetraselmis levis, Chlorella autotrophica, Dunaliella salina, Nannochloropsis sp. and Tetraselmis subcordiformis), one diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum), one red alga (Porphyridium purpureum), and three usual transitional metals (Fe(III), Cu(II), Mn(II)) were used to make up marine phytoplankton-light or transitional metals-light or marine phytoplankton-transitional metals-light system. In such system, Se(VI) could be transformed into Se(IV) by photoreduction. The species transformation of selenium could be photo-induced by redox reaction of transitional metals. The photochemical activity of marine phytoplankton was confirmed for the first time, because marine phytoplankton could adsorb and concentrated of selenium, transitional metals and organic substances (including the exudation of algae, as reducing agent) which redox potentials were changed. The ratios of Se(VI) to Se(IV) were dominated by the species, the concentration of marine phytoplankton and transitional metals, and it could be enhanced through increasing the concentration of marine algae or the combined effect from marine algae and transitional metals. After photoreduction by ternary system, the ratio of Se(VI) to Se(IV) ranges from 1.17 to 2.85, which is close to the actual value in euphotic layer of seawater. The photochemical process that is induced by marine algae and transitional metals dominative the leading effects on the distribution of oxidation states of selenium.