基于陆路交通网络的跨界旅游区可达性测度及空间格局优化研究

跨界旅游区是中国重要的潜在旅游目的地，而可达性大小是制约其旅游一体化发展的主要因素之一。通过构建景区区内可达性、景区区外可达性两类指标，运用 GIS软件定量分析大别山跨界旅游区景区可达性，生成空间格局示意图，发现：（1）国道、省道、县道构成的普适性交通网络的完善程度对景区区内可达性起着决定性的影响作用，而高速公路、普通铁路、高速铁路可以有效提高景区区内可达性；（2）普适性交通网络对景区区外可达性的影响力最弱，高速公路在改善景区区外可达性方面起到关键性作用，普通铁路的影响力不及高速公路，高速铁路仅对停靠站附近的景区有所影响。最后构建了景区、交通、旅游集散地耦合发展模式

MEASURING AND OPTIMIZING SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF ACCESSIBILITY OF  [JP3]CROSS BORDER TOURISM REGION BASED ON LAND TRANSPORTATION NETWORK

Cross border tourism area is important potential tourism destination in China， while the size of accessibility is one of the main restrictive factors of integrated development of tourism. Accessibility is an efficient and comprehensive index for transport network evaluation. The traffic impact on accessibility has been the hotspot research in the transportation geography. Abroad researchers take more work on accessibility theory which is relatively mature， and empirical research is also more in depth. From the perspective of selected cases， domestic researchers mostly concentrate in accessible areas， less involve cross border tourism areas. Thus，we focus on the accessibility of cross border tourism area. In this study， two kinds of indexes were built， including scenic area intra regional accessibility and scenic area extra regional accessibility. Taking Dabie Mountain cross border tourism scenic area for example， Dabie Mountain cross border tourism scenic area was analyzed and the spatial pattern diagram was generated by using GIS software quantitative analysis method. The results show that， the effect of single transportation on regional intra regional accessibility was limited， but the effect of entrance and exit of the expressway and railway station nearby tourism scenic region was significant. Due to the characteristics of sealing and the limited quantity of entrance and exit of the expressway and railway station， the expressway， common railway， high speed railway had not become universality transportation. Degree perfection of universality transport network played a decisive influence on the scenic area intra regional accessibility， which included the national， provincial and county roads. Then the expressway， common railway， high speed railway could effectively improve the intra regional accessibility. Universality transport network had the weakest influence on the scenic extra regional accessibility. The expressway played a key role in improving scenic area extra regional accessibility. And the common railway had less influence，compared with expressway. The expressway only had an impact on the scenic spots near the railway station. Market mechanism and government guidance need to be carried out simultaneously to succeed in developing the scenic area， transportation and tourism center. The government agency should set up cross border coordination， draw up cross border area， transportation， distribution center coupling development plan， in order to weaken the geographic boundaries and the rigid constraints of traditional administrative boundaries. Especially in the early coupling，cross border cooperating agency should provide more support from financial， policy and other aspects， harmonize both sides of the border relevant departments， such as the transport sector， tourism management department， department of transportation and other departments. We also need to create favorable external hardware environment for coupling functions of the scenic area， transportation， tourism centers. In addition， the coupling body of the scenic area， transportation， tourism centers should take the road of market oriented operation， self management， self financing， in order to enhance the ability of adapting to market competition. Finally， this paper constructed the area， transport， tourism center hub coupling development mode， in the hope of understanding the accessibility scenic area spatial pattern in cross border tourism， revealing its inherent laws， and trying to provide theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for building tourism centers， transportation infrastructure and the development of cross border.