水足迹分析理论与方法

水资源危机已成为全球可持续发展的一个日益突出的问题。为创新水资源问题的研究思路和完善水资源管理,引进了国际水资源领域较先进的水足迹分析法,系统地介绍了水足迹分析法的基本理论和计算方法,并计算了世界20个国家和地区的水足迹。结果表明,大部分国家水足迹过高、水资源压力过大,虚拟水贸易增加、水进口依赖明显。最后分析了产生高水足迹的原因,提出了降低水足迹的措施,并对该方法及其应用前景进行了评价。

Water Footprint Analysis: Concept, Method and Cases

The water crisis became a beetling problem of the sustainable development of the global.For innovating research method of the water problem and perfecting the administration of water,this paper brought in water footprint analysis which was an advanced way in water research field,introduced the conception and computation of water footprint analysis system atically.And then it was calculated the water footprint of 20 nations and districts.It was demonstrated that the water footprint of lots of nations and districts was high,which was a disadvantage to them.While it was obvious that many nations depended on importing water resource because virtual water trade was advancing.Finally,the paper analyzed the factors explaining high water footprints,propounded the ways for reducing water footprints and discussed the method and forecasted its application.