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Trophic transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in a tidal freshwater marsh
Authors:J. T.F. Ashley  M. A. Vasquez  P. Zelanko  E. McKinley  M. Schafer  L. Zaoudeh
Affiliation:1. College of Science , Health and the Liberal Arts, Philadelphia University , Philadelphia , USA;2. Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University , Philadelphia , USA ashleyj@philau.edu;4. Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University , Philadelphia , USA;5. Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University , Philadelphia , USA
Abstract:
The John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) at Tinicum Marsh contains one of the last remaining tidal freshwater marsh communities along the Pennsylvania side of the Delaware River Estuary. The marsh receives a significant load of nutrients and sediment-associated contaminants and is hypothesised to act as an effective trap for these chemicals. The goal of this study was to quantify the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at various trophic levels at two sites within Tinicum Marsh and assess the factors important in determining their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer. For both PCBs and PBDEs, lipid variation for all species was a large factor in determining contaminant body burden. Also, concentrations in biota increased with increasing trophic level as determined by nitrogen isotope analysis (δ15N values) at the downstream site within Tinicum Marsh. This trend was less apparent at the upstream site and may be due to differences in feeding behaviours among species between the two sites and/or differences in carbon and nitrogen sources and recycling. These data are valuable in assisting bioaccumulation/trophic transfer studies and serve as benchmarks to which future PCB and PBDE concentrations will be compared.
Keywords:PCBs  PBDEs  bioaccumulation  Delaware River  carbon/nitrogen isotopes  trophic transfer
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