苏州城市化进程对降雨特征影响分析

城市化的发展过程中，城市下垫面的改变以及人类的生产生活共同作用使大气边界层的特性发生变化，从而影响了城市地区的降雨。位于太湖流域平原水网地区的苏州城市化发展迅速。在分析了苏州城市化发展进程的特点及1953~2000年降雨时间序列特征基础上，采用同时期城区（苏州站）与郊区（望亭站）雨量横向对比、城市化发展不同时期同一站雨量纵向对比的方法，研究了城市化对该地区降雨量、降雨年内分配、降雨发生次数等的影响。通过研究发现：城市化对年雨量、汛期雨量和最大日雨量都有不同程度的增加作用，其中对最大日雨量的影响最显著；受城市化影响，降雨年内分配有集中的趋势；城市化使不同类型降雨发生次数均增加，其中对暴雨发生次数的影响最大。

INFLUENCE OF URBANIZATION ON PRECIPITATION IN SUZHOU CITY

With the process of urbanization,mankind activities, special ground constructions and changes of atmosphere layers affect the precipitation in related urban regions.Suzhou is a typical city with dense water bodies and with rapid urbanization process in the Yangtze Delta Region.Based on the analysis of Suzhou's urbanization process and annual rainfall time series analysis of Suzhou and Wangting precipitation stations during 1953~2000,by comparing rural precipitation(Wangting precipitation station)with urban precipitation(Suzhou precipitation station) and comparing rainfalls at each station in different periods,the authors analyzed the effect of urbanization on distribution of annual rainfall,precipitation,rainfall frequency etc.In the end,the authors concluded that because of urbanization,annual rainfall,flood season rainfall and maximum daily precipitation have all increased,especially the maximum daily precipitation;distribution of annual rainfall and the frequency of all patterns of rainfall precipitation has increased,especially storm rainfall.