铅酸蓄电池室燃爆事故分析及其安全对策

通过对铅酸蓄电池室燃爆事故树定性分析 ,找出了可能导致铅酸蓄电池室燃爆事故发生的基本原因事件 ,即无通风设施 ,通风设施损坏 ,未及时送、排风 ,使用不防爆电器 ,防爆电器损坏 ,电气连接处接触不良 ,人体静电放电 ,室内吸烟 ,室内动火。为了预防铅酸蓄电池室燃爆事故的发生 ,关键是 :一要采取有效的通风措施 ,保持蓄电池室通风良好 ,使氢气浓度不能达到爆炸极限 ;二要采取防止火源发生的措施 ,使蓄电池室无点火源 ,只要蓄电池室内无火源 ,即使氢气浓度达到爆炸极限 ,也不可能发生燃爆。为了达到上述两个要求 ,就必须在防火防爆技术和管理方面采取相应的安全措施

Fault Analysis on Deflagration in the Lead-acid Storage Battery Chamber and Its Countermeasure

By qualitative fault tree analysis of the lead-acid storage battery deflagration accident, it is possible to find out elementary events inducing the deflagration accidents, i.e. no ventilation installation, the failure of ventilation installation, no timely ventilation, not using unexplosive electric devices, damage of unexplosive devices, failure of lap joint of electrical devices, discharge of static electricity in human body, smoking in the room, using fire in the process of repairing. For prevention of deflagration in the lead-acid storage battery chamber, the key points are as follows. First, effective ventilation must be kept in the storage battery chamber, which would keep the hydrogen concentration from reaching the explosion limit. Second, the fire source must be cut in the storage battery chamber. Without fire source, even if the hydrogen concentration reaches the explosion limit, it still could induce explosion. In order to fulfill two above-mentioned requirements, safety measures must be taken in respect of fire-proof and anti-explosion techniques and relevant management must also be reinforced.