太湖梅梁湾有机污染物对纤细裸藻（Euglena gracilis）的遗传毒性效应

采用GC-MS方法分析了太湖梅梁湾水样的主要有机污染物成分和含量,共检测出15种目标化合物,表明该区域水体已经受到有机物污染;纤细裸藻(Euglena gracilis)在低浓度浓缩水样处理下(1倍组)生长无显著影响,叶绿素a、b含量和类胡萝卜素含量比对照组显著增加,而高浓度下(5倍和10倍组)生长明显受到抑制,叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量呈下降趋势;抗氧化酶系统中SOD和POD活性呈上升趋势,显示有机污染物胁迫可诱导抗氧化酶活性;彗星试验中,Olive尾矩和尾动量增加,纤细裸藻细胞DNA损伤程度随着太湖水样污染物浓度增加而加重,呈现出明显的剂量-效应关系,提示太湖梅梁湾水样具有潜在致突变性.结果表明,慧星试验和SOD活性试验结合使用在水环境中的遗传毒性监测方面具有较大的应用价值,适合作为水体有机污染监测的生物标志物.

Genotoxicity Effect of Organic Pollutants in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake on Microalga Euglena gracilis

Organic pollutant ingredients and content of water samples from Taihu Lake were analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that Taihu Lake was already contaminated by the organic pollutant, and 15 kinds of targeted organic pollutants were detected. At lower concentrations (1 time), organic pollutants could not have notable effect on the growth of Euglena gracilis, but could increase the content of photosynthetic pigment. At higher concentrations (5, 10 times), organic pollutants restrained the growth of E. gracilis remarkably, and decreased the content of photosynthetic pigment. Activities of SOD and POD increased with the content of organic pollutants. It is indicated that organic pollution could induce activities of antioxidation enzymes in E. gracilis. TOM and TM for the genotoxicity assay increased and DNA damage was found. In higher concentration groups, DNA damage was serious and had an obvious dose-effect relationship. It is indicated that Meiliang bay water may have potential mutagenicity. Comet assay combined with SOD analysis was of value to genotoxic monitoring of polluted water and was a suitable biomarker for organic pollutants in water.