北京市大气细颗粒物的遗传和非遗传毒性研究

用胞质阻断微核试验与单细胞凝胶电泳法检测北京市大气PM_2.5无机提取物与有机提取物对Balb/c 3T3细胞微核形成与DNA链断裂的影响;通过划痕染料示踪技术(SL/DT)观察PM_2.5无机提取物与有机提取物对Balb/c3T3细胞间通讯的影响.发现PM_2.5有机提取物可引起双核微核细胞率显著增加(P<0.01)及导致慧星细胞率和DNA迁移长度显著增加(P<0.01);PM_2.5有机提取物引起细胞间通讯的抑制; PM_2.5无机提取物未见明显毒作用.结果表明,PM_2.5可引起染色体损伤和原发性DNA损伤,抑制细胞间通讯,其毒作用主要由其有机成分引起.

Studies on the genetic and epigenetic toxicity of airborne fine particulate matter in Beijing

The effects of extracted organic components(EOC) and inorganic extracts of airborne particulate matter(PM2.5) in Beijing on micronucleus formation of Balb/c 3T3 cell and DNA strand breaks, were inspected using cytochalasin B-blocked test and single cell electrophoresis method; and their effects on gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) of Balb/c 3T3 cells were observed through scrape-loading/dye transfer (SL/DT) technique. It was found that PM2.5 organic extracts increased significantly the rate of micronucleited binucleated cells (P<0.01), the frequency of comet cells and the distances of migration of DNA (P<0.01), and inhibited the GJIC; PM2.5 inorganic extracts did not have marked toxicity. Results demonstrated that PM2.5 could induce chromosome damage, primary DNA damage and inhibition of the GJIC; and its toxicity is mainly induced by its organic component.