The Svalbard Intertidal Zone: A Concept for the Use of GIS in Applied Oil Sensitivity,Vulnerability and Impact Analyses |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Alpha Environmental Consultants Ltd, Kongens gate 9, 0153 Oslo, Norway;2. SINTEF Civil and Environmental Engineering, Trondheim, Norway;3. Municipality of Sandnes, Sandnes, Norway;4. Arctic Ecology Group, Institute of Oceanology PAS, Sopot, Poland;1. Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Ni?, Vi?egradska 33, 18000 Ni?, Serbia;2. Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovi?a 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;3. Department of Biology, University of J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Trg Ljudevita Gaja 6, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;4. Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Ni?, Vi?egradska 33, 18000 Ni?, Serbia;5. Institute for Biological Research “Sini?a Stankovi?”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, salita Sperone, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;3. IAMC-CNR, via G. da Verrazzano, 17, 91014 Castellammare del Golfo, TP, Italy;1. LEMAR, UMR CNRS/UBO/IRD 6539, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. UMR BOREA-7208 MNHN/CNRS/IRD/UPMC, Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France;3. Observatoire des Sciences de l''Univers, UMS 3113, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France;1. School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 17101 Pt. Lena Loop Rd., Juneau AK 99801, USA;2. Department of Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4600 Elkhorn Ave., Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;1. School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Dajie, Beijing 100872, China;2. Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;4. The Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, The Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;5. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun Nan-da-jie, Beijing 100081, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Historical oil spills have shown that environmental damage on the seashore can be measured by acute mortality of single species and destabilisation of the communities. The biota, however, has the potential to recover over some period of time. Applied to the understanding of the fate of oil and population and community dynamics, the impact can be described by the function of the following two factors: the immediate extent and the duration of damage. A simple and robust mathematical model is developed to describe this process in the Svalbard intertidal. Based on the integral of key biological and physical factors, i.e., community specific sensitivity, oil accumulation and retention capacity of the substrate, ice-cover and wave exposure, the model is implemented by a Geographical Information System (GIS) for characterisation of the habitat’s sensitivity and vulnerability. Geomorphologic maps and georeferenced biological data are used as input. Digital maps of intertidal zone are compiled, indicating the shoreline sensitivity and vulnerability in terms of coastal segments and grid aggregations. Selected results have been used in the national assessment programme of oil development in the Barents Sea for priorities in environmental impact assessments and risk analyses as well as oil spill contingency planning. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
