侧风对近距平行跑道配对运行安全的影响*

为探究侧风对配对运行时间间隔及跑道容量的影响，基于飞机近距平行跑道的管制要求和运行理念,根据尾流的产生过程、运动特性及配对进近运行模式的特点,对有侧风作用下配对飞机之间的最大时间间隔及跑道容量进行研究。针对侧风加速尾流消散的情况，阐述有侧风影响时实施配对进近的条件，建立侧风影响下飞机配对时间间隔变化模型，并分别从侧风风力大小和风向角度2个方面对不同配对机型下的最大时间间隔和跑道容量进行分析；以上海浦东机场跑道为例,计算侧风影响时不同配对机型下的配对时间间隔。研究结果表明:本文所构建模型可以准确把握侧风影响下配对运行飞机之间的特征，模型具有可行性，研究结果可为我国平行跑道建设提供参考。

Influence of crosswind on paired operation safety of closely spaced parallel runways

In order to explore the influence of crosswind on the paired operation time interval and runway capacity,based on the control requirements and operation concept of aircraft close to parallel runways,the maximum time interval between paired aircrafts and runway capacity under the action of crosswind were studied according to the generation process and movement characteristics of wake and the characteristics of paired approach operation mode.According to the situation of crosswind accelerating wake dissipation,the conditions for implementing paired approach with crosswind influence were introduced,and the change model of aircraft pairing time interval under the influence of crosswind was established.Under this model,the maximum time interval and runway capacity under different pairing aircraft types were analyzed from two aspects of crosswind force and wind direction angle.Taking the runways of Shanghai Pudong Airport as example,the pairing time interval of different pairing aircraft types under the influence of crosswind was calculated.The results showed that the constructed model could accurately grasp the characteristics of paired operation aircraft under the influence of crosswind.It is feasible and can provide reference for the follow-up construction of domestic parallel runways.