地铁车站暴雨内涝应急响应投入策略研究*

为准确高效地开展地铁车站暴雨内涝应急响应活动，增强应对暴雨内涝灾害的救援能力，采用SHEL系统模型识别响应效能影响因素，分析各影响因素之间的相互作用机制，研究如何协调各个因素的投入比例，以达到响应效能最优，利用Vensim软件，结合成都地铁11号线相关数据进行模拟仿真。研究结果表明:应急响应活动存在明显阶段性特征，应急响应活动前期应保证救援人员快速到场，中期应特别注重提高救援指挥机构决策效率，后期更应关注硬件配置，且在应急响应活动全过程中持续保证人员与其他各界面的动态匹配。研究结果可为应对暴雨内涝灾害提供参考。

Study on input strategy of emergency response to rainstorm and waterlogging in subway stations

In order to accurately and efficiently carry out the emergency response activities to the rainstorm and waterlogging in subway stations,and enhance the rescue capability against the rainstorm and waterlogging disasters,the influencing factors of response efficiency were identified by using the Software-Hardware-Environment-Liveware (SHEL) system model,then the interaction mechanism between the influencing factors was analyzed,and how to coordinate the input ratio of each factor to achieve the optimal response efficiency was studied.The simulation was carried out by using Vensim software combined with the relevant data of Chengdu Metro Line 11.The results showed that there were obvious phased features in the emergency response activities.In the early stage of response activities,the rescue personnel should be ensured to arrive quickly,in the mid-term,the special attention should be paid to improve the decision-making efficiency of the rescue command organization,and the hardware configuration should be paid attention to in the later stage.The dynamic matching of personnel and other interfaces should be continuously ensured during the whole process of emergency response activities.The research results can provide reference for dealing with the rainstorm and waterlogging disasters.