渤、黄海叶绿素a浓度垂向分布特征分析与量化研究

叶绿素a（chlorophyll a, Chl a）是浮游植物的重要组成部分，其浓度垂向分布对海洋初级生产力估算、水下辐射传输过程等研究具有重要意义。本文基于渤、黄海现场实测数据集，研究了渤、黄海区域Chl a浓度垂向分布的变化特征，并构建了Chl a浓度垂向分布量化模型。结果表明，渤、黄海Chl a浓度垂向分布类型可分为均一型和高斯型，春、冬季均一型分布占主导，夏季高斯型分布占主导。针对Chl a浓度垂向分布类型，本文提出了基于海表面温度、表层Chl a浓度的分类方法，该方法能够有效区分渤、黄海Chl a浓度的垂向分布类型，分类整体精度达82%。构建的针对高斯型的Chl a浓度垂向分布量化表达模型表现出良好的精度，对于90%以上样本，模拟拟合剖面与现场测量剖面具有很好的一致性，决定系数R2在0.80以上，相应的拟合平均绝对百分比误差在30%以内；同时，本文建立了基于海洋环境要素（表层Chl a浓度和深度）的高斯模型参数的估算方法。

Characteristic analysis and modelling of vertical distribution of chlorophyll a concentration in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea

Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) is an important component of phytoplankton, and its vertical distribution is of great significance to the estimation of marine primary productivity and the study of underwater radiation transfer process. Based on in situ data collected from several cruises in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, we analyzed the characteristics of vertical distribution of Chl a. The results indicated that the vertical distribution of Chl a in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea is mainly composed of uniform distribution type and gauss distribution type. The uniform type dominated in spring and winter, while gauss type dominated in summer. Consequently, a classification strategy which is based on sea surface temperature and surface Chl a was proposed for identify the vertical distribution type of Chl a. The model could effectively distinguish uniform type from gauss type with an overall accuracy of 82%. Furthermore, for gauss distribution type, a gaussian model was proposed. The model showed good performances with more than 85% samples of the R2 was > 0.8, and more than 90% samples of the mean absolute percentage error was < 30%. Meanwhile, we established models for estimating the parameters of gaussian model from marine environmental parameters (surface Chl a and water depth).