2013年夏季渤海和黄海浮游植物群落特征及比较分析

为比较分析渤、黄海夏季浮游植物的群落结构特征，本研究于2013年夏季在渤海、北黄海和南黄海（31.19 °N－39.82 °N，118.89 °E－125.65 °E）设50个站位采集水样，研究各海域浮游植物的种类组成、丰度分布、优势种和群落多样性。结果显示，种类数和香农?威纳指数均为南黄海最高，北黄海次之，渤海最低，多样性高值区集中在山东半岛南部海域、南黄海中部和长江口毗邻海区。研究海域水柱浮游植物丰度为0.01×103～418.2×103 cells/L，渤海、北黄海和南黄海的平均值分别为（14.6±12.8）×103 cells/L、（11.5±14.9）×103 cells/L和（35.7±92.3）×103 cells/L。甲藻和硅藻是浮游植物的优势类群，甲藻分别占渤海、北黄海和南黄海水柱总丰度的52.7%、26.4%和77.9%；硅藻分别占渤海、北黄海和南黄海水柱总丰度的46.6%、73.1%和22.1%。渤海和南黄海浮游植物多分布于表层及次表层，北黄海浮游植物多分布于中层至底层。

Characterization and comparison of phytoplankton community structure in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea in summer 2013

To compare the phytoplankton community of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, we collected water samples from 50 stations (31.19 °N－39.82 °N, 118.89 °E－125.65 °E) in the Bohai Sea (BS), North Yellow Sea (NYS) and South Yellow Sea (SYS) in the summer of 2013, and characterized the phytoplankton community structure by studying the species composition, abundance, dominant species and diversity. The results showed that the highest species number and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were detected in SYS, followed by NYS and BS. High diversity index regions were distributed on the south sea area of Shandong Peninsula, the central area of NYS and the adjoining waters of the Yangtze River. Phytoplankton abundance throughout the water column was in the range of 0.01×103～418.2×103 cells/L, and the average abundance of the BS, NYS and SYS were (14.6±12.8) ×103 cells/L, (11.5±14.9) ×103 cells/L and (35.7±92.3) ×103 cells/L, respectively. The phytoplankton assemblages were mainly comprised of Dinophyta and Bacillariophyta. Dinophyta accounted for 46.6%, 73.1% and 22.1% of water column phytoplankton abundance and Bacillariophyta accounted for 46.6%, 73.1% and 22.1% in the BS, NYS and SYS, respectively. Phytoplankton of the BS and SYS were mainly distributed in the surface and subsurface layer while that of the NYS were mainly distributed in the middle to bottom layer.