基于InVEST模型的庙岛群岛海岸脆弱性研究

海岛海岸脆弱性评估对海岛生态系统健康维护、科学规划和可持续利用具有重要作用。基于海岸线类型、数字高程模型等基础数据，借助InVEST模型估算庙岛群岛海岸暴露程度，进而分析其脆弱性程度。结果表明:（1）在庙岛群岛10个有居民岛中，平均暴露程度由低到高依次为小钦岛、庙岛、南长山岛、南隍城岛、大钦岛、小黑山岛、大黑山岛、砣矶岛、北隍城岛、北长山岛；（2）各岛平均暴露程度呈现显著差异。以北长山岛和小钦岛为例，前者平均暴露程度最高，高暴露程度占比64.69%，后者平均暴露程度最低，低暴露程度和中低暴露程度占比之和为73.47%；（3）海岸线类型、海拔、地理位置是庙岛群岛海岸脆弱性主要影响因子，其中北隍城岛、大钦岛、小钦岛、北长山岛的海岸暴露程度受海岸线类型差异影响较大；南隍城岛、砣矶岛、大黑山岛、小黑山岛的海岸暴露程度受海拔影响较大；南长山岛的海岸暴露程度受所处地理位置影响较大。

Coastal vulnerability of Miaodao archipelago based on InVEST model

The assessment of islands' coastal vulnerability plays an important role in islands’ protection, utilization,and sustainable development. Based on the basic data such as coastline type, DEM, coastal vulnerability of Miaodao archipelago was studied by using InVEST model. The results showed that: (1) In the ten inhabited islands of Miaodao archipelago, the average exposure degree from low to high was Xiaoqin island, Miaodao island, Nanchangshan island, Nanhuangcheng island, Daqin island, Xiaoheishan island, Daheishan island, Tuoji island, Beihuangcheng island and Beichangshan island. (2) In the northern islands of Miaodao archipelago, the coastal exposure of Beihuangcheng island and Tuoji island was high, that of Xiaoqin island was low, and that of Tuoji island and Daqin island was medium. In the southern islands, the coastal exposure degree of Miaodao island was low, that of Beichangshan island was high, and that of Nanchangshan island, Daheishan island and Xiaoheishan island was medium. (3) The main factors affecting coastal vulnerability of Miaodao archipelago are coastline type, altitude, location, etc., and the coastal exposure of Beihuangcheng island, Daqin island, Xiaoqin island and Beichangshan island was greatly affected by coastline type; the coastal exposure of Nanhuangcheng island, Tuoji island, Daheishan island and Xiaoheishan island was greatly affected by altitude; the coastal exposure of Nanchangshan island was greatly affected by location.