环境政策边缘化现实与改革方向辨析

本文认为由于中国现行环境政策的设计、执行和实施不能有效纳入到社会经济发展和决策过程的主流。不能从根源上解决环境与发展的矛盾．因而呈规出边缘化特征，表现在环境政策的末端管理特征、尚未建立一体化的政策体系、公平与效率准则未纳入政策设计过程、缺乏综合绩效评估、环境投资总量不足与低效率等。从政策的设计、作用环境、作用对象、作用范围的变化分析了边缘化的产生原因以及所导致的中国环境保护的误区和问题．包括技术、经济．生态、社会效率的分离．环境资源的区域配置低效率、近动式管理以及政策实施效果与政策目标的偏离等。本文提出改变现存问题的突破点在于构建基于环境权益以及全成本的政策体系和管理制度，并分析了需要解决和突破的关键性理论和实践问题。

ANALYSIS OF THE MARGINALIZED REALITY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN CHINA AND DISCUSSION FOR FUTURE REFORMS

Based on the evaluation of effectiveness of China's environmental policy, this paper argues that the that existing environmental policy has been marginalized as it can not be integrated into the main stream of the social and economic development process. It characterizes this problem as: "end of pipe" management, unfounded integrated policy systems, lack of concern for the equity and efficiency in designing the policy, environmental performance indicator not being interrelated into the other main stream performance indicators, shortage and low efficiency of environmental expenditures, etc. This paper further criticizes and identifies the reasons,and shows where the environmental protection administration and management goes wrong. The author,therefore,proposes that a reform of environmental policy and management in China should be based on the total social cost, and must mainly rely on the property rights of environment resources as public goods.