城市垃圾二次性好氧堆肥化工艺的若干设计方程

二次性好氧堆肥化工艺是基于将堆肥化过程中高温微生物和中温微生物在分开的、各自适宜的环境中 进行不同基质降解和稳定化的一种较新工艺．通过实验，由物料平衡式结合微生物反应动力学 建立了 城市垃圾二次性好氧堆肥工艺的若干基本设计方程式：一次发酵阶段的生物降解方程， Ｋ Ａｖ 值高的易降解物具有一级反应的性质，试验求出的比率常数 Ｋｄ 为０１１９ ｄ － １ ；一次 发酵阶段的堆肥减量二元线性方程，减量主要与挥发性固体降解率和水份蒸发量有关；一次 发酵动态反应器容积和二次发酵构筑物有效面积的计算式，计算式主要考虑了减量、容重变化及堆肥返料量的影响；一次发酵阶段所需理论通风量的计算式，通风量主要由微生 物需氧量和水份蒸发量所需的空气量组成，后者需气量往往大于前者，有时高达２ ～６ 倍．

SOME DESIGN FORMULAS FOR TWO STAGE AEROBIC COMPOSTING PROCESS OF MUNICIPAL REFUSE

Two stage aerobic composting process is that thermophiles and mesophiles are separately kept at the temperature and atmosphere suitable for their own activities in order to decompose different materials of municipal refuse. Based on the microorganism kinetic model and material balance, some design formulas for the two stage aerobic composting process are developed. As for the formula of the biodegradation of the first stage fermentation, the reaction rate is first order reaction for biodegradable volatile solids and the rate constant k d is 0.119 d -1 ; as for the formula for the loss of compost weight of the first stage fermentation,the loss of compost weight is positively correlated with the amount of biodegradable volatile solids and water vapor; in the formulas for the volume of the first stage fermentation dynamic reactor and for the effective area of secondary fermentation facility, the effects of the loss of compost weight, density change and the quantity of compost recycle are considered; in the formula for the theory ventilation quantity of the first stage fermentation,the ventilation quantity is determined from the amount of organic decomposition and output of water vapor.