湘江铜霞段镉环境容量模型研究

镉是一种毒性很强的累积性重金属污染物,在<污水综合排放标准>中是第一类污染物.为了控制湘江铜霞段的镉污染,根据该段水环境功能要求及水力学特征,在分析多年水文参数和相应环境监测资料的基础上,根据质量守恒定律,应用稳态二维模型建立了该江段镉环境容量模型.经用该段2002年的3月、6月、9月和12月份的有关监测数据检验,结果表明,模型预测值与实测值相对误差为1.38%～21.4%,具有较好的相关性.该模型可用于该江段镉环境容量及水体中镉浓度时空分布的预测预报,对强化该江段环境管理、实施区域含镉废水污染源总量控制具有指导意义.

Environmental capacity model of Cd in Tong xia Sect of Xiang jiang River

The present article aims to introduce the author's Model of Environmental Capacity evaluation as to the element Cd in the sect of Xiang-jiang River Tong-xia.Cd is a kind of heavy metal pollutant whose toxicity is very strong and has accumulative effect,therefore ranking among the top pollutants in accordance with the integrated sewage discharge standard.To control the Cd content as a pollutant in the sect of Xiang-jiang River Tong-xia,the author has established a set of environmental capacity models of Cd content evaluation in the given sect by using a two-dimensional steady-testing model suitable for the water environment fluid kinetic features of the river sect based on the analysis of the years' monitoring data as to the corresponding environmental hydrological parameters and in accordance with the law of the mass conservation,The results gained from the systematic testing to the model by means of relative monitoring data in March,June,September and December in 2002,show that the comparative error between the predicted value and the measured value of this model has been kept between 1.38%-21.4%.Thus,both of the figures keep a better correlativity,which proves the model applicable for forecasting the environmental capacity of this river sect and the actual distribution of Cd in water body.The model is also significant for strengthening the environmental management of this river sect and quantitative control of the pollutant source containing Cd.