保护耕地:问题、症结和途径——谈我国1.2亿公顷耕地的警戒线

我国是一个土地资源紧缺的国家,文章首先指出目前耕地占用严重;占用好地的状况是:东部占用比西部严重,城郊占用比农村严重,平原占用比山区严重,占高补低造成耕地隐性流失。另外,土壤退化也吞噬了一部分耕地。认为问题的症结在于地方政府眼前经济利益的驱动。指出根本的出路在于完善土地法规,规范监督机制、科学制订规划并依法执行,依靠科技加强土地监测,而最重要的是提高全民保护耕地的意识。

Protection of arable land: Problems, causes and approaches——Discussion on protecting 1.2 hectare of arable land in China

China has a vast territory,13.7% are arable land,with an average of 0.09 hectare per capita,while the world average of arable land per capita is 0.25 hectare.With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization the shortage of arable land in the country is getting more and more serious.The characteristic of the soil resources of China is dealt with in the paper firstly.Then the different ways of decreasing arable land especially with high fertility in past 20 years are pointed out separately.Author emphasize that the rapid decrease of arable land is affected by economic level,policy decision-making and local authority.It is concluded that the various approaches to protect the arable land politically and scientifically are necessary for food security and sustainable development.