Life history, ecology and the biogeography of strong genetic breaks among 15 species of Pacific rockfish, Sebastes |
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Authors: | Arjun Sivasundar Stephen R Palumbi |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA;(2) Division of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Strong genetic change over short spatial scales is surprising among marine species with high dispersal potential. Concordant
breaks among several species signals a role for geographic barriers to dispersal. Along the coast of California, such breaks
have not been seen across the biogeographic barrier of Point Conception, but other potential geographic boundaries have been
surveyed less often. We tested for strong-population structure in 11 species of Sebastes sampled across two regions containing potential dispersal barriers, and conducted a meta-analysis including four additional
species. We show two strong breaks north of Monterey Bay, spanning an oceanographic gradient and an upwelling jet. Moderate
genetic structure is just as common in the north as it is in the south, across the biogeographic break at Point Conception.
Gene flow is generally higher among deep-water species, but these conclusions are confounded by phylogeny. Species in the
subgenus Sebastosomus have higher structure than those in the subgenus Pteropodus, despite having larvae with longer pelagic phases. Differences in settlement behavior in the face of ocean currents might
help explain these differences. Across similar species across the same coastal environment, we document a wide variety of
patterns in gene flow, suggesting that interaction of individual species traits such as settlement behavior with environmental
factors such as oceanography can strongly impact population structure. |
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