考虑火场环境实时作用下的人群疏散仿真研究

在现行的性能化防火设计中,通常将火灾发展与人员疏散两个过程分开考虑,从而忽略了火场环境对人员疏散过程的实时作用。该方法与实际情况有很大差异。笔者借助火灾模拟程序CFAST和人员疏散仿真软件buildingEXODUS,以某地铁车站为例,进行了火场环境实时作用下的人群疏散仿真研究。结果表明,火场环境会降低人群的判断和活动能力,延长疏散时间并产生其他的不利后果。因此,在防火设计中考虑火场环境对人群疏散的实时影响是十分必要的。

A Case Study of Crowd Evacuation Simulation in Consideration of Real-time Fire Environment Effect

In current performance-based fireproof design methods, the fire spread and crowd evacuation usually are separately considered, which neglects the real-time influence of fire environment on the crowd evacuation. Obviously such kind of approach deviates far from the real situation. With the help of CFAST and buildingEXODUS, the crowd evacuation in a subway station is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the real-time fire environment will reduce the judging ability and mobility of crowd and result in the retard of evacuation process and other unfavorable consequence. So it is necessary to considerate the effect of fire environment on the crowd evacuation in the future fireproof design.