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Assessing seasonal and spatial trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Indian agricultural regions using PUF disk passive air samplers |
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| Authors: | Pozo Karla Harner Tom Lee Sum Chi Sinha Ravindra K Sengupta B Loewen Mark Geethalakshmi V Kannan Kurunthachalam Volpi Valerio |
| Institution: | a Atmospheric Science & Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada b Centre for Environmental Science, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, Patna, India c Central Pollution Control Board, Parivesh Bhavan, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi, India d Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada e Department of Agricultural Meteorology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India f Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, New York, USA g Environmental Science Department, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy |
| Abstract: | The first survey of persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations in air across several Indian agricultural regions was conducted in 2006-2007. Passive samplers comprising polyurethane foam (PUF) disks were deployed on a quarterly basis at seven stations in agricultural regions, one urban site and one background site. The project was conducted as a sub-project of the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network. In addition to revealing new information on air concentrations of several organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the study has demonstrated the feasibility of conducting regional-scale monitoring for POPs in India using PUF disk samplers. The following analytes were detected with relatively high concentrations in air (mean for 2006 and 2007, pg/m3): α- and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (292 and 812, respectively); endosulfan I and II (2770 and 902, respectively); p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT (247 and 931, respectively); and for the sum of 48 PCBs, 12,100 (including a site with extremely high air concentrations in 2007) and 972 (when excluding data for this site). |
| Keywords: | Persistent organic pollutants POPs Organochlorine pesticides Passive air samplers India |
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