流域地下水质评价的GIS与模型集成分析

流域水环境管理已经成为当今环境科学的一个重要研究对象，对流域规模的水资源可持续管理和战略环境评价，地下水质评价是其重要内容，急需方法学的支持。全面分析目前国内外GIS与模型集成的研究现状，论述GIS与综合指数模型和机理模型集成的所需条件、优势和存在的问题。强调集成中应对模型的特征、模型的输入输出要求、流域数据基础以及GIS软件的功能进行具体分析，否则将导致区域分析的误差加大甚至产生错误信息。结合地下水水质评价常用的指数模型和机理模型，提出了GIS与模型的集成框架，分析GIS在集成中的3种模式，指明GIS与模型集成的发展方向。最后基于GIS与模型集成的现存问题提出对策，得出GIS与综合指数模型和机理模型集成的最优方法及适用条件，为具体应用提供方法学指导。

ANALYSIS FOR GIS AND MODEL INTEGRATION IN THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT ON WATERSHED

Watershed environment management has been an important research field for environment science，and the groundwater quality assessment is an important content for the water resource sustainable development management and strategic environment assessment on watershed，the methods are needed to support it.The research level about the integration of GIS and models was fully analyzed at home and aboard，the needed items and advantage were narrated for the integration between GIS and integrated index models and mechanic models.It is emphasized that characteristics，inputs and outputs of model，watershed basis data and functions of GIS software in the integrated process，or else the regional analysis difference will be enlarged，even the error information may be emerged.The integration framework is put forward based on the general index model and mechanic model，the three models in the process of integration is analyzed，and the developing trend is pointed out.Finally the decision is put forward to avoid the disadvantage in the integration of GIS and models，the priority methods and suitable items are acquired for the integration between integrated index models and mechanic models，which can be used as a guide for application.