Polypropylene/poly (butylene terephthalate) melt spun alloy fibers dyeable with carrier-free exhaust dyeing as an environmentally friendlier process |
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| Authors: | Mohammad Ali Tavanaie Ahmad Mousavi Shoushtari Fatemeh Goharpey |
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| Institution: | 1. Textile Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran;2. Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Polymer Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;1. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Protein-Chemistry Lab., Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran;2. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13164, Iran;3. Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13164, Iran;1. Moscow Oncology Hospital 62, Istra PIC, 27, 143423 Moscow, Russian Federation;2. Altai Regional Oncology Hospital, Nikitin st., 77, 656056, Barnaul, Russian Federation;3. N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya Street, Pesochny, 197758, St Petersburg, Russian Federation;4. Rostov Research Oncology Institute, 14th Line St., 344037, Rostov on Don, Russian Federation;5. N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoye Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russian Federation;6. Department of Molecular Biology, Moscow Oncology Hospital 62, Istra PIC, 27, 143423, Moscow, Russian Federation;7. Department of Pathology, Moscow Oncology Hospital 62, Istra PIC, 27, 143423, Moscow, Russian Federation |
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| Abstract: | Carrier agent as one of the synthetic persistent molecules present in textile effluents considered as one of the most highly toxic, carcinogenic and serious inhibitor of the microbial respirometric activity. This chemical is used as accelerants in the dyeing or printing the hydrophobic fibers by dispersed dyes. Hydrophobic polypropylene (PP) fibers cannot be dyed by conventional dyeing process due to the absence of dye sites in the molecular chain and their high crystallinity. This study presents a carrier-free exhaust dyeing as an environmentally friendlier and cleaner process. In order to produce dyeable PP fibers, the PP was blended and melt spun with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) at various ratios. First PP and PBT granules at blend ratios of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 percent of PBT dispersed phase were physically mixed then the melt spinning of blended samples was carried out by a Maddock mixing zone extruder. The results showed that suitable exhaust dyeing process without using any carrier agents was possible for all PP/PBT alloy fiber samples. The dye uptake of samples significantly increased by increasing the PBT dispersed phase content. By increasing the PBT dispersed phase content decrease in the crystallinity percent resulting in significant enhancement in dye uptake of the alloy fiber samples was observed. A degree of four polynomial equation for dye uptake against blend ratio was obtained by which the optimum blend ratio was 72/28 percent of PP/PBT alloy fiber composition. In all alloy fiber dyed samples uniform coloration was observed. No considerable changes in the mechanical properties for dyed samples against undyed samples were observed. Interestingly, the best mechanical property among alloy fiber samples was observed in the sample containing 30 percent PBT dispersed phase which approximately corresponds to optimum blend ratio gained from mathematical calculations. In all PP/PBT alloy fiber samples strong fastness to soaping and very good to excellent fastness to light were achieved. |
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