Efficiency of energy recovery from waste incineration,in the light of the new Waste Framework Directive |
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| Authors: | Mario Grosso Astrid Motta Lucia Rigamonti |
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| Institution: | 1. Coventry University, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry CV1 2JH, UK;2. Aston Business School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK;3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Centre for Quality Management System, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;1. Aveny GmbH, Schwandenholzstr. 212, CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland;2. ETH Zurich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Schafmattstrasse 6, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland;3. Swiss Post, Communications, Politics and Social Responsibility, Viktoriastrasse 21, P.O. Box, CH-3030 Berne, Switzerland;4. City of Zürich, ERZ Entsorgung + Recycling Zürich, Hagenholzstrasse 110, P.O. Box, CH-8050 Zürich, Switzerland;1. Energy Systems Analysis, Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet 426, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;2. SDU Life Cycle Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;3. Environmental Systems Analysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden;4. RAM-løse edb, Æblevangen 55, 2765 Smørum, Denmark;2. CIMIS Consortium, via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy |
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| Abstract: | This paper deals with a key issue related to municipal waste incineration, which is the efficiency of energy recovery. A strong driver for improving the energy performances of waste-to-energy plants is the recent Waste Framework Directive (Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives), which allows high efficiency installations to benefit from a status of “recovery” rather than “disposal”. The change in designation means a step up in the waste hierarchy, where the lowest level of priority is now restricted to landfilling and low efficiency wastes incineration. The so-called “R1 formula” reported in the Directive, which counts for both production of power and heat, is critically analyzed and correlated to the more scientific-based approach of exergy efficiency. The results obtained for waste-to-energy plants currently operating in Europe reveal some significant differences in their performance, mainly related to the average size and to the availability of a heat market (district heating). |
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