Simulation and life cycle assessment of process design alternatives for biodiesel production from waste vegetable oils |
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| Authors: | Sérgio Morais Teresa M. Mata António A. Martins Gilberto A. Pinto Carlos A.V. Costa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;2. REQUIMTE/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;3. Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;1. University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;2. Alumnus of University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, TATI University College Jalan Panchor, Teluk Kalong, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia;1. University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy;2. Niccolò Cusano University, via don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy;3. University of Zielona Góra, ul. Licealna 9, 65417 Zielona Góra, Poland |
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| Abstract: | This study uses the process simulator ASPEN Plus® and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to compare three process design alternatives for biodiesel production from waste vegetable oils that are: the conventional alkali-catalyzed process including a free fatty acids (FFAs) pre-treatment, the acid-catalyzed process, and the supercritical methanol process using propane as co-solvent. Results show that the supercritical methanol process using propane as co-solvent is the most environmentally favorable alternative. Its smaller steam consumption in comparison with the other process design alternatives leads to a lower contribution to the potential environmental impacts (PEI’s). The acid-catalyzed process generally shows the highest PEI’s, in particular due to the high energy requirements associated with methanol recovery operations. |
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