Emergy as a tool for Ecodesign: evaluating materials selection for beverage packages in Brazil |
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| Authors: | CMVB Almeida AJM Rodrigues SH Bonilla BF Giannetti |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;4. Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY;5. Baylor Health Care System, Plano, TX;1. Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, United States;2. Department of Sciences and Technologies, Parthenope University of Napoli & School of Environments Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;1. Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan;2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;3. National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan;1. Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, United States;2. Department of Sciences and Technologies, Parthenope University of Napoli, Italy;3. School of Environments Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | The life of a product begins with the initial product design concepts; the costs and potential impacts of a product are heavily influenced by the final design, the production processes, the economic and environmental costs of all raw materials. Additionally, both of these factors are very much affected by how the products are managed during and after consumer usage. Thus, there is an urgent need for a tool to facilitate the integration and assessment of environmental and economic demands into the product planning and development processes. The introduction of environmental accounting based on emergy as a tool to assist in product design is proposed. This complementary tool may be inserted into the conventional design methodology to facilitate in the selection of materials and processes as well as in the actual design of the products. To illustrate the application of the proposed method for material selection, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles and aluminum cans for beverage packaging are compared. Despite the exceptional condition of aluminum recycling in Brazil, results show that the best option for beverage packages is the PET bottles. |
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