Assessing computer waste generation in Chile using material flow analysis |
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| Authors: | Bernhard Steubing Heinz Böni Mathias Schluep Uca Silva Christian Ludwig |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland;2. Plataforma RELAC, SUR/IDRC, JM Infante 85, Providencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile;3. Paul Scherrer Institut, General Energy Research Department (ENE), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland;4. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne (EPFL), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC-IIE), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland;2. EXXETA AG, Energy Markets and Trading, Germany;3. Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands;1. Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland;2. Centre for Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom;1. Institute for Sustainability and Peace, United Nations University, Hermann-Ehler-Str. 10, 53113 Bonn, Germany;2. Design for Sustainability Lab, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628CE Delft, The Netherlands;3. Statistics Netherlands, Henri Faasdreef 312, 2492 JP Den Haag, The Netherlands;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China;2. Shanghai Cooperative Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Jinhai Road 2360, Pudong District, Shanghai 201209, China;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan;2. Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;3. Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The quantities of e-waste are expected to increase sharply in Chile. The purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative data basis on generated e-waste quantities. A material flow analysis was carried out assessing the generation of e-waste from computer equipment (desktop and laptop PCs as well as CRT and LCD-monitors). Import and sales data were collected from the Chilean Customs database as well as from publications by the International Data Corporation. A survey was conducted to determine consumers’ choices with respect to storage, re-use and disposal of computer equipment. The generation of e-waste was assessed in a baseline as well as upper and lower scenarios until 2020.The results for the baseline scenario show that about 10,000 and 20,000 tons of computer waste may be generated in the years 2010 and 2020, respectively. The cumulative e-waste generation will be four to five times higher in the upcoming decade (2010–2019) than during the current decade (2000–2009). By 2020, the shares of LCD-monitors and laptops will increase more rapidly replacing other e-waste including the CRT-monitors. The model also shows the principal flows of computer equipment from production and sale to recycling and disposal. The re-use of computer equipment plays an important role in Chile. An appropriate recycling scheme will have to be introduced to provide adequate solutions for the growing rate of e-waste generation. |
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