近50多年青海玉树冻土变化特征分析

利用青海玉树县从建站至2009年的冻土观测资料，分析了玉树土壤年最大冻结深度，冻结初、终日，无冻土期变化特征。结果表明：近50多a，玉树县土壤冻结具有明显的季节变化特征，冻结主要出现在10月~翌年4月；6月中旬~9月上旬为无冻土安全期；多年平均无冻土期173 d，80%保证率下的无冻土期为147 d（不足5个月）；玉树土壤年最大冻结深度没有明显的变化趋势，仅呈阶段性变化特征。0~5 cm土壤冻结初、终日没有明显变化趋势，10~30 cm深度土壤冻结初日呈变早、终日呈推迟的趋势。而近50 a玉树冬季平均气温、平均最低气温及年极端最低气温均呈显著上升趋势。由此说明对季节性冻土区的玉树而言，气候变暖并不一定意味着其年最大冻结深度变薄、表层土壤冻结初日推迟、终日提早，土壤冻结深度的变化除与温度有关外可能还受其他要素的影响。该结论与我国部分学者对青藏高原南部冻土研究结论一致

VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF FROZEN SOIL IN YUSHU QINGHAI IN RECENT 50 YEARS

Observed frozen soil data in Yushu Qinghai were analyzed to show the seasonal variation,beginning date and ending date of frozen soil,characteristics of no frozen soil period.Frozen soil in Yushu had obvious seasonal variations which begin from autumn,reaching maximum depth at the end of winter and melt in spring.Non-frozen soil averaged period is 173 days.80% guarantee days were 147 days.Non-frozen soil period is between middle June to the beginning of September.In the last 50 years,maximum frozen soil dep...