巢湖流域不同土地利用类型地表径流污染特征研究

巢湖是我国五大淡水湖之一，目前正面临着严重的环境污染与水体富营养化问题。通过对巢湖流域塘西地区大豆地，水稻田，菜地，山芋地，小麦地，集镇街道，山坡地，饲养场地，农村道路，湖滩芦苇地，荒地等１１种土地利用类型地表径流污染现状的详细调查与分析，建立了巢湖流域不同土地利用类型地表径流污染研究的一般程序与方法。

POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE WATER RUN OFF FROM VARIOUS TYPES OF LAND USE IN THE LAKE CHAOHU BASIN

Lake Chaohu is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China.At present,it is confronted with the problem of water environmental pollution and eutrophication.Through the detailed investigation and analysis of the pollution of surface water run off from various types of land use such as soybean fields,paddy fields,vegetable plots,potato fields,wheat fields,market town streets,hillside lands,husbardry farms,rural paths,lakeside reed fields,and uncultivated lands in the Tangxi Area of the Chaohu Basin,the general procedure and method for the research of pollution of surface water run off from each type of land use were established.After analysing the background environmental characteristics of these regions,the principal components analysis technique has been applied to the analysis on the characteristics of the pollution types on the surface water run off from each type of land use.The results show that the pollution of the surface water run off in the drainage basin in Chaohu Lake is quite obvious,and the pollution shows different characteristics in different types of land use.In accordance with the current situation,some suggestions for controling water environment pollution in these regions are given,thus provide necessary scientific basis for the control of non point source pollution in the Lake Chaohu Basin.