气态有机物组成对生物过滤及菌体密度的影响

以堆肥-火山灰为填料的生物过滤器连续处理含甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的气体,观测生物过滤效果和填料的菌系状态变化.结果表明:在甲苯和乙酸乙酯共存的条件下,生物过滤器优先去除乙酸乙酯;当进气中同时存在甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇时,优先去除乙酸乙酯和异丙醇.填料中各种微生物的菌体密度与过滤去除的有机物组成和浓度有关.霉菌和酵母菌竞争利用乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的能力较强,放线菌和细菌对甲苯的竞争利用能力较强.进气中高浓度的有机物会使填料中的菌体密度增大.在处理甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丙醇的生物过滤器的各段填料中,菌体密度按细菌、霉菌、酵母菌、放线菌的顺序而降低. 图 1表 3参 17

EFFECT OF ORGANIC GAS COMPONENTS ON BIOFILTRATION AND MICROBIAL DENSITY IN BIOFILTER

The volatile organic compounds in gas were removed continuously by the biofilter packed with compost-lava. The removal efficiencies of toluene, ethyl acetate and isopropanol, and the microbial communities of the packing materials in the biofilter were determined. The results demonstrated that ethyl acetate was removed preferably when toluene existed in gas together with ethyl acetate, and isopropanol and ethyl acetate were removed preferably when toluene, ethyl acetate and isopropanol existed in the inlet gas at the same time. The density of each type of microbes was related with the component and concentration of organic compounds treated. Ethyl acetate and isopropanol in the inlet stream would be utilized by the growth of molds and yeasts in the packing materials preferably. Toluene in the inlet stream would be utilized by the growth of bacteria and actinomyces in the packing materials preferably. The organic compounds of high concentration would increase the microbial density. In each section of the biofilter treating toluene, ethyl acetate and isopropanol, the microbial density in packing material decreased according to the order of bacterium, mold, yeast and actinomyce. Fig 1, Tab 3, Ref 17