自然灾害的释义及伦理省思——人类中心主义的反思和修正

随着人类的活动深刻地改变着自然界，自然灾害的频繁发生已成为现代生态环境的常态，而人类对于自身对自然灾害的发生应采取什么样的态度，承担什么样的义务和责任，还没有深刻的认识。从自然灾害的释义学角度入手，结合对灾害不同认识的理论背景，分析了自然灾害的人为致因，依据客观的灾害史，指出了人类中心主义的极端功利化对自然灾害频发的罪责，并提出应从生态伦理学探讨了人类中心主义的内在文化根源，借助对理性主义的分析，揭示了人类中心主义发展的内在逻辑，继而。结合现代生态伦理学对人类中心主义的批判，对人类中心主义进行了反思和修正。

Explanation and ethics-critique of disaster:self-examination and modification about anthropocentrism

With the profound changes in the natural world by human activities, the high frequency of the natural disasters becomes normality in modem ecological environment. The human race themselves should take what attitude to the natural disasters and they have what obligations and responsibilities have not been given deeper consideration. This article, based on the interpretation of the natural disasters and different understandings of the disasters, analyzes the causation of the natural disasters by the mankind. Based on the objective history of the disasters, it points out that the utilitarian of mankind who has the anthropocentrism view has the responsibility for the natural disasters and thus using environmental ethics to explore the inherent cultural roots of the anthropocentrism. Using the rationalism analysis it reveals the inner logic relationships of anthropocentrism and combined with the criticism of the modem environmental ethics to the anthropocentrism, this article makes a reflection and modification of the anthropocentrism.