凤眼莲-固定化氮循环细菌联合作用对富营养化水体原位修复的研究

应用生态工程技术和原理，在夏季利用凤眼莲（Eichhornia crassipes Mart.）结合固定化氮循环菌对富营养化水体进行原位修复研究。试验结果表明，凤眼莲+固定化氮循环细菌联合作用和单独的凤眼莲处理对富营养化水体总氮和铵态氮去除之间存在显著的差异，凤眼莲+固定化氮循环细菌联合作用对富营养化水体中总氮和铵态氮的去除率分别达77.2%和49.2%；而凤眼莲处理则分别达73.7%和32.3%；但两者对富营养化水体中硝态氮的去除没有显著差异。接种固定化氮循环微生物有利于水体中Chla、COD_Mn的降低和水体透明度的提高，但两者没有明显的差异。当凤眼莲处理系统接种固定化氮循环细菌时，除了氨化细菌变化不明显外，亚硝化菌，硝化菌，反硝化菌群数量比单独凤眼莲处理系统增加1～1.5个数量级，且接种固定化氮循环细菌还有利于凤眼莲生物量及其体内氮积累量的增加。

In situ remediation of eutrophic water bodies by the combination of water hyacinth and immobilized nitrogen cycle bacteria

The combination of water hyacinth (WH) and immobilized nitrogen cycling bacteria (INCB) was used in the remediation of eutrophic water bodies in situ with the ecological engineering technology in the summer. The results showed that there were significant differences between WH and WH+INCB for total nitrogen (TN) and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) of eutrophic water bodies. TN and NH₃-N removal rates in eutrophic water bodies with WH+INCB reached 77.2% and 49.2%, respectively, while 73.7% and 32.3% for WH, respectively. In addition, there was no significant difference between WH and WH+INCB for nitrate removal. Chla and COD_Mn decreased and transparency increased in eutrophic water bodies in WH+INCB treatment, but there was no significant difference between WH and WH+INCB treatments. Compared with WH treatment system, the populations of nitrosation, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 1.5 orders of magnitude in WH+INCB treatment systems. However, the ammonifying bacteria showed no obvious difference between WH and WH+INCB treatment systems. Moreover, the inoculation of INCB was also beneficial to the increase of the biomass and nitrogen accumulation of the WH.