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Bags with oven-dried moss for the active monitoring of airborne trace elements in urban areas |
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| Authors: | S Giordano P Adamo E Pittao R Bargagli |
| Institution: | a Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy b Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali (DISSPAPA), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici (NA), Italy c Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100 Siena, Italy d Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 10, I-34127 Trieste, Italy |
| Abstract: | To define a harmonized methodology for the use of moss and lichen bags as active monitoring devices of airborne trace elements in urban areas, we evaluated the element accumulation in bags exposed in Naples in different spring weather conditions for 6- and 12-weeks. Three different pre-exposure treatments were applied to moss and lichen materials: water-washing, acid-washing and oven-drying. During the different exposure periods in the Naples urban environment the moss accumulated always higher amounts of elements (except Hg) than lichens and the element accumulation increased during wetter weather and higher PM10 conditions. The oven pre-treatment did not substantially modify the morphology and element composition of moss and the exposure in bags of this material for 6-weeks was sufficient to detect the pattern of airborne trace elements. |
| Keywords: | Naples urban environment Airborne trace elements Active biomonitoring Moss and lichen bags Oven-dried moss 6-week exposure |
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