中国农村居民点用地变化的社会经济因素分析

基于2000-2008年省级单元的土地利用和社会经济统计数据,探讨来自区域、城镇和农村的社会经济因素对农村居民点用地扩张的作用机制,认为农村居民点用地扩张受到农村自身社会经济发展和城镇社会经济发展的双重作用,一方面区域和农村社会经济推动了农村居民点用地规模扩张,另一方面工业化和城镇化进程引起的城镇空间扩张,缓解了农村居民点用地扩张的趋势,在此"一增一减"双重作用下,农村居民点用地呈现缓慢增长趋势。相比于来自区域和城镇的社会经济因素,农村自身的社会经济发展因素对于省级单元的农村居民点用地扩张的影响更为重要。不论是对于来自城镇或是农村的社会经济因素,产出效应都比投资和收入效应更明显,在控制产出效应的情况下,来自于城镇和区域的投资和收入效应不再显著。为控制农村居民点用地过度扩张,政府应在健康快速的工业化和城镇化进程中,实施城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策,加大土地开发整理和复垦力度,积极投资农村,提高农用地产出,以有效引导农村居民点用地节约集约利用。

Study on the Social Economic Factors of the Land Use Changes in Rural Residential Areas of China

Based on the land-use and socio-economic data of each province from 2000 to 2008,the factors influencing the rural settlement land expansion are discussed from regional,urban and rural aspects.On the one hand,regional and rural development boosts the expansion of rural settlement land.On the other hand,rapid industrialization and urbanization leads to urban land expansion,which relieves the expanding trend of rural settlement land.As a result,the rural settlement land expands slowly under the double effects.Compared with regional and urban factors,the development of the rural area is much more important for rural settlement land expansion.And either to the regional,urban or rural factors,the production effect is much more significant than the investment effect and income effect.The investment effect and income effect from regional and urban factors are no longer significant when the production effect is controlled.In order to control rural settlement land expansion,the government should implement the coupling policy of increasing and decreasing land for urban and ural construction.To promote the economical and intensive utilization of rural settlement land,the government should put more effort on land consolidation and land reclamation,enlarge rural investment and increase the output of agricultural land.