血吸虫病疫区鱼体器官中氯苯化合物的污染特征

采用GC/MS技术对典型血吸虫病疫区3种(共68尾)具有代表性鱼体的肌肉、性腺、脑、肾脏和肝脏等器官进行分析.实验发现各鱼体组织器官样品中二氯苯和六氯苯为优势污染物,分析其来源发现研究区域六氯苯主要来源为当地施用的五氯酚类杀螺剂,二氯苯来源为六氯苯降解和当地居民日常生活用品.同时发现该地区鱼体不同器官内CBs(chlorobenzenes,CBs)含量有所差异,肌肉中CBs几何均值的含量(脂肪重,下同)范围为2 731.50~7 811.23 ng·g~(-1),性腺含量范围为2 557.89~4 640.05 ng·g~(-1),脑中含量范围为2 423.18~3 329.61 ng·g~(-1),肾脏中含量范围为1 628.05~4 667.76 ng·g~(-1),肝脏中含量范围为704.92~1 086.96 ng·g~(-1).实验结果与国内外相关研究报道值比较,显示该区域鱼体各器官中二氯苯和六氯苯含量处于较高污染水平,应引起重视.

Pollution Characteristics of Chlorobenzenes in Organs of Fish from Typical Epidemic Areas of Schistosomiasis Prevalence

Sixty-eight fish samples were collected from typical epidemic areas of schistosomiasis prevalence. The contents of 12 CB congeners in fish samples were measured using GC/MS technique. The results indicated that 1,3-DIC, 1,4-DIC, 1,2-DIC and HCB were the most predominant CB congeners in the samples from the studying area. The source of HCB was PCP (pentachlorophenol), which was used to control the schistosomiasis prevalence, used in study area. And DIC came from the degradation of HCB and the articles of daily use. The geometric average of CBs in muscle ranged from 2731.50 to 7811.23 ng·g^-1 lipid weight, while the summarized concentration of CBs in fish gonads, brains, kidneys, livers ranged from 2557.89 to 4640.05 ng·g^-1 lipid weight, 2423.18 to 3329.61 ng·g^-1 lipid weight, 1628.05 to 4667.76 ng·g^-1 lipid weight and 704.92 to 1086.96 ng·g^-1 lipid weight, respectively. When compared to other studies in China and other countries, the concentrations of CBs in these fish samples were at a relatively high level.