不同部门间用水缺口调配制度的经济学动力分析

在干旱时节或者由于用水部门需水量的迅速增加而导致水量不足时，如何调配各部门之间的用水问题成为制约一个城市乃至一个国家发展的重要因素。文章从经济学的角度出发，分别就是否考虑收取初始水权费的2种情况，通过对几种解决部门用水水量缺口的调配制度的分析，以社会整体福利缺损最小为目标，寻求最有利的解决方案。分析表明．采用水权交易制度是解决用水水量缺口调配问题的最佳制度。

An Economic Analysis on Water Resources Allocation System among Different Sectors to Tackle Deficiency in Water Use

During the drought season or in the case of a steep increase in water demand, the availability of water resources could become insufficient. How to coordinate the water use among different sectors may turn into a critical constraint on the development in a city or even in a country. From the viewpoint of economics, by the analysis of several allocation systems on the basis of both taking and not taking account of collecting initial water right fee to meet the objective with a least loss in the whole social welfare, a best system was to be found. It has indicated that the water right trading system could be an optimal one for the allocation to tackle the deficiency in water use.