中国冶炼行业场地土壤污染特征及分布情况

通过收集大量国内各个地区冶炼场地的最新污染数据,试图从全国尺度范围进行分析,反映中国冶炼行业场地的土壤污染状况.运用污染指数评价法、潜在生态危害指数法和生物毒性评价法,以《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 36600—2018)的第一类用地标准值为参比,对土壤中重金属和有机物的污染特征及生态风险...

The Characteristics and Distribution of Soil Pollution in Smelting Industry Sites in China

This paper collected a large number of the latest pollution data of smelting sites in various regions of China,trying to analyze the soil pollution of the smelting industry sites in China on a national scale.This article used pollution index evaluation method,potential ecological hazard index method and biological toxicity evaluation method to analyze the pollution characteristics and ecological risks of heavy metals and organics in the soil.And this paper used the risk values of“Soil environment quality-Risk control standard for soil contamination of development land”(GB 36600—2018)as a reference.The single factor index results showed that the concentration of As,Pb,Cd and Ni exceeded the risk intervention values for soil contamination of development land,the single factor index of As was 3.80 and the evaluation of organic matter was clean.The results of the Nemerow index showed that the evaluation results of As,Pb,Cd and Ni were heavy pollution,and the index values were all over 35.The evaluation result of dibenzo(a,h)anthracene was warning limit,and the rest of the organic matter were all clean.The evaluation of potential ecological risk showed that As was high risk and Cd was considerable risk.The potential ecological risk index for combined factors was 409,which had a considerable potential ecological environmental risk.The spatial distribution results showed that the potential ecological risks in the southern region were much higher than those in the northwest and northern regions.Among them,the sites with high risk levels were mainly distributed in Guizhou,Hunan,Jiangxi and other regions,and the ecological risk factors of As and Cd occupied a high proportion.Biological toxicity evaluation showed that 2-methylnaphthalene,acenaphthene and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene would frequently have negative ecological effects.The soil around the smelting industry in some southern regions such as Guizhou had been severely polluted by heavy metals such as As and Cd.Effective measures should be taken to reduce emissions.The research could provide scientific basis and data support for pollution prevention in smelting industry in China.