煤矸石中重金属动态淋滤溶出特征研究

摘要：以河北邯郸某矿区煤矸石为研究对象，采用动态淋滤实验对煤矸石中重金属的溶出特征进行研究。实验结果表明：①煤矸石中重金属元素背景值影响溶出液中重金属浓度，背景值越高，在动态淋滤过程中析出重金属的浓度越高；②淋滤前期阶段，重金属元素的溶出液浓度较大，随着淋滤时间的增加，浓度在波动中趋于稳定。因此可以得出重金属元素对环境的影响主要发生在淋滤前期；③溶出液中只有Cu元素的浓度超过了国家地表水环境质量标准中的Ⅲ类水质标准，并且溶出液呈弱酸性，符合国家地表水环境Ⅲ类质量标准。

Dynamic Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Coal Gangue

Taking the coal gangue from Hebei Handan as a research object, a research about the dynamic leaching characteristics of heavy metals in coal gangue was carried out. The result indicated： First, the concentration of heavy metals which were leached was affected by the background value of the heavy metals in the coal gangue. The higher the background value was, the larger the concentration will be; Second, at the initial stages of leaching, the concentration of heavy metals which were leached was higher, with the increase of leaching time, the concentration began to be stable in the fluctuations, so this research deduced that the environmental effect of contamination in coal gangue mainly happend at the initial stages of leaching; Third, only the concentration of Cu was over the third level standard values. The pH of leaching water was weak acid, but it wasn＇ t over the third level standard values of national surface water.