不同利用方式下黄壤旱坡地磷素状况及环境影响分析

通过对贵州黄壤进行采样以及采用无界径流小区法收集地表径流,探索不同利用方式下黄壤旱坡地磷素水平及其地表径流磷浓度的差异。结果表明,不同利用方式下黄壤旱坡地中全磷和有效磷(Olsen-P)含量的大小顺序为连作烟地>烤烟-玉米轮作地>连作玉米地>林地;CaCl_2浸提磷(土壤易解吸磷)和Na0H浸提磷(藻类可利用的土壤总磷)与土壤全磷和有效磷有显著的相关性;土壤富磷化的同时,其磷素的流失风险明显地提高。连作烟地地表径流总磷(TP)和磷酸根态磷(Ortho-P)浓度明显大于连作玉米地.而林地地表径流TP浓度明显小于旱地;黄壤旱坡地地表径流中TP和Ortho-P与土壤有效磷之间存在极显著的相关性(r为0.957、0.875),因而连作烟地磷素的环境影响潜能明显高于其它旱地以及林地。

The status of phosphorus and its environmental effects analysis under various land use patterns in yellow soil of hilly areas

The status of phosphorus under different land use patterns and its environmental effects analysis in yellow soil of hilly areas was studied. The results showed that the contents of Olsen-P and total P in surface yellow soil layer of hilly area have difference significantly under various land use patterns, the concentrations of algae-available P and labile P also difference obviously. The correlation coefficients of the contents of algae-available P and labile P in the soils with the quantities of Olsen-P were 0.827and 0.871, respectively, while the correlation coefficients of total P concentration and the content of Ortho-P in the runoff with the quantities of Olsen-P in the soils were 0.957and 0.875, respectively. Continuous tobacco land has high level of P in the soils or in the surface runoff so that to enlarge the risk of P loss from soil to water bodies.