Contamination indices and heavy metal concentrations in urban soil of Ibadan metropolis, southwestern Nigeria |
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Authors: | Adewara Adesoji Odewande Akinlolu F Abimbola |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Earth Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria;(2) Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria |
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Abstract: | An assessment was conducted on soils of Ibadan metropolis using geochemical approach in order to establish the concentration
of heavy metals and develop geoaccumulation index maps. Petrographic studies and X-ray diffractograms showed that soils of
Ibadan were derived from the weathering of the bedrocks. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn were found to be greater in
soils more than the background. Positive correlation occurred between Cu, Pb, and Zn indicated a common anthropogenic source
in the soil while Mn, Cr, and Ni were found to be naturally enriched. The geoaccumulation index maps revealed significant
enrichment factor (Ef > 20) and index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) beyond class four (heavily contaminated) for Cu, Pb, and Zn
in densely populated and industrial areas, whereas Cd is enriched in sparsely populated areas, agricultural areas and a few
spots in densely populated areas. |
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Keywords: | Heavy metals Soil Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) Contamination |
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