重庆市农地非农化空间非均衡及形成机理

为探寻农地非农化水平空间非均衡及形成机理,确定影响因素对重庆市及所属不同区域农地非农化水平的决定力。研究基于交叉学科视角,利用1997—2013年重庆及所属37个区县（不含渝中区）面板数据,运用Dagum基尼系数和地理探测器模型分析重庆市农地非农化水平的空间非均衡及形成机理。结果表明：重庆市农地非农化水平的时空动态地域性差异特征明显,呈现以区域Ⅰ为中心,区域Ⅱ为中心拓展区,区域Ⅲ和Ⅳ为外围的“中心—外围”空间分异格局;重庆市农地非农化水平空间分布表现出高度非均衡特征,其空间非均衡程度在研究时段内呈现出明显的“W”型波浪变化形态,地区间差距仍是导致重庆市农地非农化水平空间非均衡形成的主因;重庆市农地非农化水平空间非均衡形成机理存在显著分区差异,农地非农化水平受控于多种复杂因素,要素禀赋、经济发展水平、社会发展状况及政策制度环境分别是影响研究区农地非农化水平空间分异的基础条件、内在动力、中坚力量和外在条件;影响不同区域农地非农化水平的主导因素具有显著差异性。综合以上结论：由于研究区农地非农化水平空间非均衡特征明显,并受多因素影响,且各因素对不同区域农地非农化水平的决定作用差异明显,所以开展不同区域农地非农化水平空间非均衡及形成机理研究对于农地非农化管控十分重要。

Spatial Disequilibrium and Its Formation Mechanism ofFarmland Conversion in Chongqing

This study explored the spatial disequilibrium of farmland conversion level and its corresponding formation mechanism. In addition, it identified the deciding influence factors of the farmland conversion level of Chongqing and its subordinate area. Based on the panel data of Chongqing City and affiliated 37 districts and counties (excluding Yuzhong District) during 1997-2013, the spatial disequilibrium of farmland conversion level of Chongqing City (China) and its corresponding formation mechanism were analyzed using Dagum Gini coefficient and geographical detector model from an interdisciplinary perspective. The following results were obtained: the farmland conversion level of Chongqing City presented significant temporal-spatial differences. In detail, it was characterized by a spatial pattern of “center-periphery” with region I as the center, region II as the central expansion area, and regions III and IV as the periphery; the reason that the spatial distribution of the farmland conversion level of Chongqing was highly unbalanced mainly owes to interregional differences. The spatial disequilibrium displayed obvious wave-shaped variations during the research period; the formation mechanism of the spatial disequilibrium of the farmland conversion level in Chongqing differed in different districts and counties. The farmland conversion level was subjected to the influences of a variety of complex factors. The factor endowment, economic development level, social development status and policy system environment therein acted as the basic conditions, intrinsic impetus, backbone force and external conditions for the spatial disequilibrium of the farmland conversion level of the research region respectively; the dominant factors affecting the farmland conversion level in different districts and counties were obviously different. In summary, the farmland conversion level of the research region was significantly unbalanced in space due to the influences of diverse factors. Moreover, the deciding factors of farmland conversion level were apparently disparate in different regions. Therefore, it was of great significance to investigate the spatial disequilibrium and corresponding formation mechanism of the farmland conversion level in different regions for the management and control of farmland conversion.