基于水足迹的山东省水资源可持续利用时空分析

以人均水资源占有量低、水资源利用结构不平衡省份山东省为研究区,首先计算2005—2014年山东省水足迹及2014年17地市水足迹,实现水足迹时空分析;从DPSIR视角出发,基于水足迹计算结果,融合构建水资源可持续利用评价指标体系,通过因子综合得分来反映全省10 a间水资源可持续利用强度,以2014年为水平年,对17地市因子综合得分进行空间聚类,实现水资源可持续利用时空分析。结果表明：研究区2005—2014年水资源可持续利用综合评价得分呈现增长态势,表明水资源可持续利用程度趋于加强,但分值总体较低,仍需提高利用效率;2014年17地市水资源可持续利用水平整体呈现东优西劣、南优北劣的空间格局。

Spatial-temporal Analysis of Sustainable Water Resources Utilization in Shandong Province Based on Water Footprint

The paper takes Shandong Province as the study area because of its low per capita occupancy of water resources and unbalanced structure of water resources utilization. Firstly, the water footprint of Shandong Province during 2005-2014 and the water footprint of 17 cities in 2014 were calculated to realize the spatial-temporal analysis of the water footprint. Based on the results and DPSIR theory, a comprehensive index system was constructed. Afterwards, the factor analysis was introduced, and strength of sustainable water resources utilization in the province in 10 years was reflected by the comprehensive factor score. The comprehensive factor scores of 17 cities in 2014 were calculated and clustered with spatial and temporal analysis. The results showed that: the comprehensive score was increasing during 2005-2014, which suggested that the degree of sustainable utilization tend to be strengthened. However, the score is low in general, and the efficiency of water utilization need to be improved. The levels of sustainable water resources utilization of 17 cities in 2014 presented spatial differentiation that the east was superior to the west and the south was superior to the north.