江苏沿海地区耕地利用转型及其生态系统服务价值变化响应

论文以江苏沿海地区1990、2000和2010年3期土地利用空间数据为基础,在GIS、地学信息图谱理论和Costanza等生态系统服务价值测算方法的支持下合成时间序列表征下的耕地利用转型图谱、耕地利用转型模式图谱和生态系统服务价值图谱,据此揭示江苏沿海地区耕地转型时空变化特征及其生态系统服务价值变化响应规律。结果表明:1)1990—2000年阶段耕地以建设用地、水域和林地占用为主,补充耕地来源除建设用地、水域和林地外,还包括了草地,耕地占用大于补充。空间差异以"耕地→建设用地"、"草地→耕地"最为明显,空间分离度低。2)2000—2010年阶段耕地占用的去向增加了未利用地,草地仍是主要的耕地补充来源。空间上以"耕地→建设用地"和"耕地→水域"图谱变化最为显著,空间分离度变大。3)1990—2010年耕地利用转型模式以后期变化最为显著。4)近20 a间,江苏沿海生态系统服务总价值由170.85×108元提升为182.23×108元,水域是提高生态系统服务价值最主要的贡献类型。耕地利用转型导致耕地的生态系统服务价值降低,"耕地→建设用地"是最主要的生态减值图谱类型。

Arable Land Use Transitions and Its Response of Ecosystem Services Value Change in Jiangsu Coastal Areas

The research of the arable land use transitions and its impact on the ecological environment from the dual perspective of arable land occupation and supplement can provide scientific basis for sustainable land use and ecological protection. This paper chose coastal areas in Jiangsu Province as a case where the economy develops rapidly and there are serious problems of land use. Based on the land use data in Jiangsu coastal areas (1990, 2000, and 2010), the models of arable land use transitions and ecosystem service value were synthesized with GIS. The methodology of ecosystem service value calculation from R. Costanza et al. was used to analyze arable land use transitions in two phases, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010, and the Geo-spectrum of arable land use transitions model and ecosystem service value during 1990-2010 was acquired. Then, the article studied spatio-temporal variation characteristics of arable land use transitions and its response of ecosystem service value change in Jiangsu coastal areas. The results showed that: 1) During 1990-2000, the occupation of arable land was mainly caused by construction land, water body and grassland, and the supplementary of arable land was from construction land, water body, forestland, and grassland. The occupation of arable land was more than the supplementary of arable land during 1990-2000. The most obvious changes were “arable land → construction land” and “grassland → arable land”, with low spatial separation degrees. 2) During 2000-2010, unused land became another type of occupation of arable land, and grassland was still the main supplementary of arable land. The most obvious changes was “arable land → construction land” and “arable land → water body”, and the spatial separation degree became larger. The occupation of arable land was still more than the supplementary of arable during 2000-2010. 3) The most obvious arable land use transitions mostly happened in the later period of 1990-2010. 4) The total value of ecosystem service increased from 17.085 billion yuan to 18.223 billion yuan during the past two decades in Jiangsu coastal areas, in which water body is the most important contribution to the ecosystem service value. Arable land use transitions resulted in the decrease of ecosystem service value of arable land, in which “arable land → construction land” was the main impairment of ecosystem service value.