Differential leaching of nutrients from soluble vs. controlled-release fertilizers |
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Authors: | Ashok K Alva |
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Institution: | (1) IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, 33850 Lake Alfred, Florida, USA |
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Abstract: | Extremely sandy soils and poorly distributed high annual rainfall in the state of Florida contribute to significant leaching
losses of nutrients from routine fertilization practices. A leaching column experiment was conducted to evaluate the leaching
losses of nutrients when using currently available N, P, K blend fertilizers for young citrus tree fertilization. Fertilizer
blends included NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, IBDU, IBDU plus Escote, Nutralene, Osmocote, and Meister. Following leaching of 1000 ml of water through soil columns, which
simulates leaching conditions with 26 cm of rainfall, the amount of NO3 and NH4 recovered in the leachate from soil columns amended with an NH4NO3 blend accounted for 37% and 88% of the respective nutrients contained in the quantity of blend per column. The corresponding
values for soil columns amended with a Ca(NO3)2 blend were 48% and 100%. Leraching losses of both NO3 (<3%) and NH4 (<4%) were drastically decreased when using controlled-release fertilizers. The recoveries of P and K in 1000 ml of leachate
were 1.3% and 8%, respectively, of the nutrients added as Osmocote, which contained coated P and K sources. In the case of
the rest of fertilizer blends, the recoveries of P and K in 1000 ml of leachate were as high as 52%–100% and 28%–100%, respectively.
Therefore, controlled-release technology offers an important capability for minimizing leaching losses of nutrients. |
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Keywords: | Citrus Escote Groundwater quality IBDU Meister Nitrate leaching Nutralene Osmocote |
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