中国农村环境污染防治研究综述

农村环境污染防治是农村生态环境建设的核心内容,加强农村环境污染防治研究,对解决我国独特的农村环境污染问题,具有积极的理论和现实指导意义。如何进一步探索农村环境污染防治机制的研究范式,需要在理论和方法上均有所突破。采用文献资料法和对比分析法,在简要分析了国外的研究进展基础上,重点总结了中国农村环境污染防治的研究现状,提出当前研究中存在的问题以及今后的探索方向。结果表明,近年来我国农村环境污染防治及其相应的理论与实践研究均取得较大进展,但与农村社会可持续发展的现实要求尚有不小差距。国内学者对于农村环境污染的研究主要集中在污染防治的基础理论、污染状况及质量评价、基于不同层次的农村环境污染影响因素以及污染防治机制和政策4个方面。当前的研究存在诸多不足,例如：综合防控研究的理论体系不完善,较多地关注造成农村环境污染的显性影响因子,而忽视了大量限制因子,研究中采用的数据和参照标准缺乏统一口径,空间尺度选择不一和时间尺度难以衔接等,这些都将成为今后研究亟需解决的问题。

A review of research on pollution prevention and control of rural environment in China

The prevention on rural environmental pollution is the core construction of rural ecological environment.It has a positive theoretical and practical significance to solve the unique problems in china by strengthening the research on that field.Breaking through theories and methods is helpful for exploring the research paradigm on the prevention further.In a brief analysis based on the foreign research progress,the paper uses the methods of literature data and comparative analysis to summarize the research progress in China,and presents the problems in current research and the future exploring directions.The results show that recently the corresponding research both on theory and practicing of prevention are made great progress,but there is a huge gap to the practical requirements of rural sustainable society development.Now it has four main research aspects in China,including the basic prevention theory,the evaluation of polluting quality,the factors based on different rural environmental pollution,and the prevention mechanisms.There are many problems to be solved urgently in future,such as imperfect theoretical system of integrated prevention,paying more attention at dominant factors making pollution,thinking less a large number of limiting factors,lacking of the caliber on using data and referencing standard,selecting different spatial scales,and linking time scale difficultly.