昆嵛山盐肤木RhuschinensisMill．群落特征及其物种多样性

根据野外典型样方调查结果，以群落植物种类组成、群落外貌特征、群落垂直结构特征、群落多样性几项指标，分析山东半岛昆嵛山国家级自然保护区盐肤木Rhuschinensis群落特征。结果表明：盐肤木群落共出现种子植物66种，隶属于32科57属。在盐肤木群落属的区系组成中，群落植物主要由温带区系和热带区系成分组成，其中温带植物属占显著优势，其次为热带分布属，说明该群落具有明显的温带性质，并具有过渡特征。群落层次分明，有乔木层、灌木层、草本层3个层次，各层次的优势种依次为盐肤木和赤松Pinusdensiflora、麻栎Quercusacutissima、披针叶苔草Carexlanceolata。盐肤木群落的物种多样性由高到低依次为灌木层、乔木层、草本层，低均匀度导致物种丰富度最高的草本层具有最低的物种多样性。调查显示盐肤木幼苗幼树多，自我更新良好，群落处于稳定增长状态。通过对群落特征和物种多样性的研究，揭示了昆嵛山盐肤木群落的自然生态规律，为保护和开发利用盐肤木提供了科学依据。

Characters and species biodiversity of Rhus chinensis Mill. communities in Kunyu Mountain

The floristic character, community appearance, community structure and species biodiversity of Rhus chinensis communities in Kunyu Mountain nature reserve were studied by using the plot investigation methodology. The result showed that there were 66 seed plant species belonging to 57 genera and 32 families in the R. chinensis communities. The flora displayed an apparent temperate characteristic, and there was a transitional characteristic from temperate floristic element to tropical floristic element. The stratification of the vertical of the restorable communities was obvious. The communities were divided into tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer, and the dominant species in the three layers respectively were Pinus densiflora and R. chinensis in the tree layer, Quercus acutissima in the shrub layer, and Carex lanceolata in the herb layer. The species diversity index of different layers in R. chinensis communities showed： shrub layer 〉 tree layer 〉 herb layer, and the species diversity index in the herb layer reduced with the decrease of the eveness. The natural regeneration appeared very well ofR. chinensis saplings, which indicated the communities were in steady growth condition. Based on the through studies of different environments in the Kunyu mountain area, the natural ecological law of R. chinensis communities in the warm temperate zone was illustrated, which provided a scientific foundation for the protection and expansion of the germplasm resources and the sustainable management of R. chinensis.