中国工业烟尘排放状况研究

烟尘是工业最主要的污染气体排放之一,它不仅威胁人体健康,还严重破坏区域环境。为了研究分析2001—2009年中国工业烟尘排放的发展趋势及其影响因素,并有针对性地提出工业烟尘减排的建议与对策,文章首先根据中国工业的经济与环境数据,描述分析了2001—2009年工业烟尘排放的发展趋势,再利用对数平均迪氏指数法（LMDI）将工业烟尘排放的影响因素分解为规模效应、结构效应、技术效应和治理效应4个子因素。通过对比分析各子因素的影响程度和发展变化情况,得出规模效应是工业烟尘排放的重要来源,技术效应和治理效应是工业烟尘减排的主要动力,而结构效应是未来烟尘减排的重要方向等结论。文章根据各工业子行业的烟尘产生与排放量,建议将化工及金属行业,水热电气供应业作为目前工业烟尘减排中的重点行业,这两个行业的烟尘产生量与排放量之和均达到工业烟尘产生量与排放量的80%以上。通过对比各影响因素对各工业子行业的影响程度,指出各子行业烟尘减排的主要方向与存在的障碍。

Research on condition of China's industrial smoke emission

Smoke emission is one of the main pollutants by industry,and it will threat human health as well as damage regional environment.In order to research the developing trend and impact factors of industrial smoke emission,this paper takes data of China’s industry of year 2001-2009 in terms of economy and environment to analyze the tendency of industrial smoke emission,and then adopts the method of Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index（LMDI） to decompose the impact factors of industrial smoke emission into four sub-factors： scale effect,structure effect,technology effect and governance effect.Through the comparison of each factor’s impact and developing trend,it can be indicated that scale factor is the main source of industrial smoke emission,technology effect and governance effect are main driving forces of smoke emission reduction,and structure effect will be an important factor in emission reduction.Based on dust production and emission of each sub-industry,chemical and metal industry,electric heat and water supply industry are identified as the crucial sub-industries of smoke emission reduction,as the production and emission of the two sub-industries account for over 80% of those of China’s industry.After comparing sub-factors’ effect on sub-industries,the main trend and obstacles of each sub-industry’s smoke emission reduction can be indicated as well.